Listing all major published works of literature, film, art and games that contain significant Kristang elements or themes in reverse chronological order, with music to be updated at a later date. Please contact the Kodrah Kristang team at kodrahkristang at gmail dot com if you know of a work with a significant amount of Kristang content that should be listed on this page but is missing. Public-access works, open-access works and/or works released to the public with permission of the creator under the 2021 Singapore Copyright Act are slowly being hyperlinked to this page.
The Kristang year count begins on 24 August, the day the Portuguese completed their conquest of Melaka / Bara Sejarang in 1511.
Jump to: Lists of Living Kristang Artists and Creatives
Works published during the term of service of the 13th Kabesa (2015-2075)
Tuan Raja Naga Ultramar Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
2025 (Kristang year 514 | 13th Kabesa, year 10)
Edenheart. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Joan Margaret Marbeck and Malaccan Creole Identity. Academic journal article by Raphael Dohardt.
Katrakronomatra: Kristang Xamang-Krismatrang Cards. Card deck by Kevin Martens Wong.
Mahaprastanza / Greatest Journey. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Soltu. Performance by Elden Zachery Oliveiro.
The Calling. Forthcoming film by Sarrveshvar Rajiswaran, Jolyn Nunis and Nocturnal Beings Media.
The Portuguese in Southeast Asia: Cultural Transfers and Transnational Identities in Malacca. Academic book chapter by Rui Oliveira Lopes.
This Stirring Love. Forthcoming short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Voices of the Forgotten. Forthcoming documentary by Nathaniel Jareth Nonis.
2024 (Kristang year 513 | 13th Kabesa, year 9)
A Boy in Flower. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Animumbes: Kristang for Beginners Level 1. Textbook by Kevin Martens Wong.
dragon.paper.wind. (龙卷风). Poetry anthology by Crispin Rodrigues.
Dreamfishing: A Decolonial Guide. Non-fiction work by Kevin Martens Wong.
‘Half-Caste’ and Cast Aside: the Eurasian Experience in Colonial Singapore from 1919 to 1942. PhD dissertation by Joshua de Cruz.
Hi, Can You Hear Me? Play by A Yagnya.
Katrakarnansa: Kristang Dreamfishing Cards. Card deck by Kevin Martens Wong.
Katra Pakau Diseides: Kristang Hexadecimal Poker Cards. Card deck by Kevin Martens Wong.
Kauboi di Seu: Poesia-Poesia Kristang. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Korpu Hierosa / The Body Heroic. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Kristang Gay Sex Stallion of Singapore. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Kultura Krismatra: Excavating the Progenitor Kristang Creole-Indigenous Way of Being in Singapore. Academic proceedings paper by Kevin Martens Wong.
Makan Memories: A Martens Family Cookbook. Recipe book by Maureen Martens.
Memory and motivation in language revitalization practice. Academic journal article by Allison Taylor-Adams.
Null subject pronouns in Papiá Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese). Academic journal article by Larissa de Santana Silva & Alan Norman Baxter.
Nus Nubu Sta Prendeh Sunyeskah / We Are Learning How To Dreamfish Again. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong. 2024 Unearthodox Voices of Regeneration Top Prize winner.
Playing With Fire. Play by Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips.
Post-traumatic stress sonnet of the indigenous archeoastronomer. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Stripper Quing. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
The Distance Between Us. Film by Ezekiel Lazaroo Tan Ming Yan.
The Kickstart Drama project: performing ‘small’ acts of solidarity in Singapore. Academic journal article by Natalie Lazaroo, Sophiaan bin Subhan & Carla Tapia Parada.
The Story of Pedro Theseira: The Fisherman. Biography by Martin Theseira.
To Those Who Could. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Toward Posthumanist Organisations. Academic book chapter by Lionel Wee.
2023 (Kristang year 512 = 8th Great Turn | 13th Kabesa, year 8)
A Glimpse of the Sea: Healing from Trauma and Abuse through Kristang Songs. Non-fiction essay by Kevin Martens Wong.
Adjective phrase fronting in the Malacca Creole Portuguese noun phrase: A vestige of South Asian substrate? Academic journal article by Alan Norman Baxter.
Alabanda. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Amateurs. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
A Naked Flame. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Another Dreamtiger. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
At the Pivot of East and West: Ethnographic, Literary, and Filmic Arts. Academic book by Michael M. J. Fischer.
Between Water and the Night Sky. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
Bros Before Bros, and Other Quasi-Masculine Adventures in Pseudo-Heteronormativity: A Real Man’s Anthology of Incurably Bromantic Poetry. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Ethnic politics and ambivalent imaginaries of the future at the Melaka Straits. Academic journal article by Monika Arnez.
Festa San Pedru, 5511 CE. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Flowers for Alphonso. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Glow-Glow Dancer: A new double-sized Diseideza of sun-soaked Kristang creole/indigenous poetry from the last Merlionsman of Singapore. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Intelligence. Play by Kevin Martens Wong.
Island End. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Island of individuation: Teaching with a new, dynamic approach to the development of the human psyche in the Singapore context. Academic proceedings paper by Kevin Martens Wong.
Isti Bes, Basil / It’s Time, Basil. Poem by Shane Carroll.
Kristang revitalisation in Singapore after COVID-19. Academic journal article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Liang, Prispi kung Matra: The Lion, The Prince & The Ocean. Children’s book by Jessy Carlisle, with illustrations by Paola Acosta and Kristang translation by Kevin Martens Wong.
Libru Lontra / The Otter Book / The Progenitor Kristang Dictionary. Dictionary by Kevin Martens Wong.
Linggu Skundidu: On the elision of the Kristang language, culture and identity from mainstream public view and academic scholarship in independent Singapore (1965-2023). Academic proceedings paper by Kevin Martens Wong.
Phenomenologies of Transient Migrant Music-making. Undergraduate Capstone Paper by Benjamin Harris.
Prawn Star. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Qué Es Un Niño?. Film by Ezekiel Lazaroo Tan Ming Yan. 2024 Student Academy Award Nominee & 2024 Cinequest Film Festival selectee.
Rais di Lingua Kristang / Roots of the Kristang Language. Undergraduate Final Year Project by Natasha Rae Zuzarte.
Relwe di Reinyang: Ngua Diseideza. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Roda Mundansa: Excavating and revitalising a creole-indigenous approach to Deep Time in Singapore Kristang. Academic book chapter by Kevin Martens Wong.
Soltu. Exhibition-performance and album by Elden Zachery Oliveiro.
Son of Sundaland. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Songs of a Young Star-Tiger: New Creole-chromatic Kristang Stellar Poetry from Singapore. Poetry anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Spektala. Play by Kevin Martens Wong.
Sunset Strip. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Terror, trauma and the transhuman: Exploring possible representations of Kristang / Portuguese-Eurasian identity erasure in Kevin Martens Wong’s Altered Straits and Stuart Danker’s Tinhead City, KL. Academic book chapter by Kevin Martens Wong.
The Eurasian Table: Second Helpings. Cookbook by Cheryl Noronha.
The Jardine Steps. Play by Kevin Martens Wong.
The Ship. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Thymetiger. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
There is no word for gay in the Kristang language. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
The World’s Very First Portuguese-Eurasian Tank. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Toward a Kristang / Portuguese-Eurasian Literature: Contestations, Challenges and Characteristics. Academic book chapter by Kevin Martens Wong.
Up in Flames. Short story by Stuart Danker.
Work-Life Balance. Prose/graphic novel hybrid by Wayne Rée & Benjamin Chee. 2023 Singapore Book Awards Best Literary Work & 2023 Singapore Book Awards Book of the Year.
Zaheera and the Jinn. Film script by Victoria Dook.
2022 (Kristang year 511 | 13th Kabesa, year 7)
A Comparison of Portuguese-Lexified Creoles of Southeast Asia: Kristang, Makista, Batavia, and Tugu. PhD dissertation by Robert Laub.
Brown is Redacted: Reflecting on Race in Singapore. Non-fiction anthology by Kristian-Marc James Paul, Mysara Aljaru and Myle Yan Tay.
Dismantling privilege, widening access: Renegotiating art-making in a post-pandemic world. Non-fiction essay by Benjamin Harris.
Down Under the Waters. Short story by Wayne Rée.
Enrichment lessons/materials for exploring the Eurasian community. Lesson plan compilation by Liu Shuyun & Teddy Y. H. Sim.
Grago. Poem by Matthew Jerome Van Huizen.
Hang Tuah’s Tomb. Poem by Matthew Jerome Van Huizen.
Image and the Total Utopia: Scaling Raciolinguistic Belonging in Singapore. PhD dissertation by Joshua Babcock.
Insert Credit to Continue. Short story by Stuart Danker.
Kantiga di Mundu Rentu / Bersu di Kuartu. Song by Kevin Martens Wong.
L2 Motivation in Language Revitalization Practice. PhD dissertation by Allison Taylor-Adams.
Libru Laranja / The Orange Book. Academic anthology by Kevin Martens Wong.
Looking Glass. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong.
Malacca Beyond European Colonialism (15th-17th Centuries). PhD dissertation by Daya Negri Wijaya.
‘My brother from another mother’: Mapping the kinship terminology of Malacca Creole Portuguese. Academic journal article by Silvio Moreira de Sousa and Raan-Hann Tan.
New Beginnings. Short story by Nilanjana Sengupta.
The Eurasian Prawn Paste. Non-fiction essay by George Yeo.
The Malacca Portuguese: Saving Our Culture and Traditions. Non-fiction work by Joseph Santa Maria.
The representation of cultural identity in Melaka Portuguese cookbooks. Academic journal article by Sarah Sakeenah Azhari, Stefanie Pillai & N. A. N. Mat Isa.
To Ashes. Short story by Wayne Rée.
Trade, ethnic diversity and assimilation in Portuguese-Creole communities in Melaka-Singapore region, 1870-1940. Academic proceedings paper by Teddy Y. H. Sim and Dennis De Witt.
2021 (Kristang year 510 | 13th Kabesa, year 6)
Balancing Authentic Remembrance & Sustainable Development: Conserving the Heritage of Portuguese Eurasians in Singapore. Master’s thesis by Neo Ying Shan.
How Now Blown Crow. Poetry anthology by Crispin Rodrigues.
Illustrations of the International Phonetic Alphabet: Malacca Portuguese Creole. Academic journal article by Stefanie Pillai, Alan Norman Baxter & Wen-Yi Soh.
Kaza Bazitu di Rua Tessensohn / The Empty House in Tessensohn Road. Short story by Patricia Maria De Souza.
Lean On Me. Film by Nathaniel Jareth Nonis.
Managing the complexities of race: Eurasians, classification and mixed racial identities in Singapore. Academic journal article by Zarine L. Rocha & Brenda S. A. Yeoh.
Own Fruits. Non-fiction essay by Arin Alycia Fong.
Resurrecting the Singapore River. Short story by Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips.
Seeing the Unseen: Discourse Analysis of a Kristang Ghost Story in Singapore. Academic paper by Elaine Mok Wai Man.
The Eurasian Face. Photography collection by Kirsten Zimmern.
The Gut Demons. Short story/recount by Sara Frederica Santa Maria.
The Mother Tongue Education Policy for Eurasians in Singapore. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Andrea Christine Raeburn.
The Punkhawala and the Prostitute. Novel by Wesley Leon Aroozoo. 2021 Epigram Books Fiction Prize finalist.
Tinhead City, KL. Novel by Stuart Danker. 2021 Epigram Books Fiction Prize longlist.
Tracing Genealogies of Mixedness: Social Representations and Definitions of “Eurasian” in Singapore. Academic journal article by Zarine L. Rocha & Brenda S. A. Yeoh.
What does it mean to be Eurasian in Southeast Asia, Malaysia? Academic journal article by Sharon Regina Vega, Sivamurugan Pandian & Nur Hafeeza Ahmad Pazil.
Yes! Yes! Two lives under four flags. Autobiography by Maureen & Peter Martens.
2020 (Kristang year 509 | 13th Kabesa, year 5)
A poem in my mother tongue, with a form from my “Mother Tongue”, about my mother’s tongue. Poem by Shane Carroll.
Drivers / Jenti Lebah Kareta. Poem by Patricia Maria De Souza.
Ki Sorti: Anoti Ngua. Graphic novel by Andre D’Rozario, Gerald Choa, Shane Carroll & Sung Chang Da. Yale-NUS Futures of Our Past project.
Malacca Portuguese intangible cultural heritage: An approach to cultural mapping. Academic book chapter by Bruno Capão Rego, Joana Cerqueira Bastos & Dyah N. A. Jamie.
Pinchah Kristang: A Dictionary of Kristang. Academic proceedings paper by Luis Morgado da Costa.
Saudade. Film by Russell Adam Morton, Trevor Nonis, Megan Barker, Estioco Ignacio Jr. and Andrea Wong.
The Transmission of Substrate Features: The case of Malacca Portuguese. Academic journal article by Robert Laub.
The unsullied tongue of Saint Anthony and other miracles: A collection of magical realist short stories. Short story anthology / Master’s thesis by Arin Alycia Fong.
Ways of Remembering to Write Home. Academic journal article by Simone Lazaroo.
2019 (Kristang year 508 | 13th Kabesa, year 4)
Jeremy Monteiro: Late Night Thoughts of a Jazz Musician. Non-fiction anthology by Jeremy Monteiro.
Kodrah Kristang: The initiative to revitalize the Kristang language in Singapore. Academic journal article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Korua Karang / Coral Crown. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Kristang dah Kodrah di rentu yo / My Kristang Awakening. Poem by Martha Fernandez, republished in Poems from the Edge of Extinction.
Kristang, the language of my forefathers. Non-fiction magazine article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Na kaza, greza kung stradu: The Kristang language in colonial Singapore, 1875-1926. Academic journal article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Negotiating Postcolonial Eurasian Identities and National Belonging in Global-City Singapore. Academic journal article by Brenda S. A. Yeoh, Kristel Acedera & Esther Rootham.
Nina Boboi. Film by Victoria Elizabeth Scully. Bronze World Medal and Best Student Film winner at the 2019 New York Film Festival.
Standing the Test of Time: Celebrating 100 Years of the Eurasian Association, Singapore. Non-fiction work by the Eurasian Association, Singapore.
The Etymology of Nyonya and Nona and their Language Contacts. Academic proceedings paper by Silvio Moreiro de Sousa & Raan-Hann Tan.
The Nomad Principle. Poetry anthology by Crispin Rodrigues.
The synchrony and diachrony of an Asian-Portuguese causal morpheme. Academic journal article by Hugo Canelas Cardoso.
Walking on Water. Short story by Arin Alycia Fong.
2018 (Kristang year 507 | 13th Kabesa, year 3)
A Merlion for His Majesty. Short story by Kevin Martens Wong. 2015 NUS Creative Writing Competition winner.
Eurasian Emigration from Singapore: Factors Giving Rise to a Shrinking Minority Ethnic Population. Academic journal article by John Lowe.
Lenten Gragoh. Poem by Arin Alycia Fong.
Malacca Creole Portuguese in the 19th century: Evidence of a wider lectal range? Academic journal article by Alan Norman Baxter.
New Additions. Short story by Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips.
Pantomime. Poetry anthology by Crispin Rodrigues.
Somewhere Else, Another You. Choose-Your-Own-Adventure novel by Tania De Rozario.
Survivors, The Worst of Times. Non-fiction work by Patrick Grosse.
The Eurasian Question: Solved by Migration? Academic journal article by Liesbeth Rosen Jacobson.
2017 (Kristang year 506 | 13th Kabesa, year 2)
Altered Straits. Novel by Kevin Martens Wong. 2015 Epigram Books Fiction Prize longlist.
Batizmu. Poem by Kevin Martens Wong.
Beng Kodrah Kristang. Poem by Edmund Arozoo. 2017 Kristang Language Festival Poetry Competition 2nd runner-up.
Bista Di Kristang / A Glimpse of Kristang. Card deck by Kevin Martens Wong & Kodrah Kristang.
Differential Object Marking in Kristang, an Endangered Creole in Singapore. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Kevin Martens Wong.
Eurasian community and culture in Singapore. Academic book chapter by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
For the Record. Spoken-word ethnodrama by Charlene Shepherdson and Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips.
Ila Ila di Sul / The Southern Islands. Board game by Kevin Martens Wong & Kodrah Kristang.
I Want To Go Home. Autobiographical novel and film by Wesley Leon Aroozoo.
Kiss. Creative non-fiction by Nicola Koh.
Kristang dah Kodrah di rentu yo / My Kristang Awakening. Poem by Martha Fernandez. 2017 Kristang Language Festival Poetry Competition runner-up.
Malacca in 1824: The Eye-witness Account of Captain Hyacinthe de Bougainville. Academic journal article by Colin Dyer.
Others Is Not A Race. Mixed-genre anthology by Melissa De Silva. 2018 Singapore Literature Prize winner.
Pinchah Kristang. Dictionary by Luis Morgado da Costa.
Revitalizing Malacca Portuguese Creole. Academic journal article by Stefanie Pillai, Adriana Phillip & Wen-Yi Soh.
Singapore Eurasians: Memories, Hopes and Dreams. Mixed-genre anthology by Myrna Braga-Blake, Ann Ebert-Oehlers and Alexius Anthony Pereira.
Singku Tempra di Nanna. Poem by Shane Carroll. 2017 Kristang Language Festival Poetry Competition winner.
The Eurasian Heritage Dictionary, 2nd edition. Dictionary by Valerie Scully & Catherine Zuzarte.
The Smell of Home. Cookbook by Rebecca Fatima Sta Maria.
2016 (Kristang year 505 | 13th Kabesa, year 1)
And the Walls Come Crumbling Down. Memoir/poetry anthology by Tania De Rozario.
Beng Prende Portugues Malaká (Papiá Cristang): Come, Let’s Learn Portugues Malaká (Papiá Cristang). Textbook by Michael Gerard Singho, Philomena Singho, Sara Frederica Santa Maria, Dolores Pinto, Stefanie Pillai, Adriana Phillip and Angela Kajita.
Cremains. Poem by Charlene Shepherdson.
‘Everything Depends on You, Now’: The Geographies of Eurasian Identity in Multiracial Singapore. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Amanda Joy Eber.
E. W. Barker: The People’s Minister. Biography by Susan Sim.
Little Lion Boy / Krensa Giliang. Song by Kevin Martens Wong.
Mary Gomes: Food for Everyday Cooking. Cookbook by Mary Gomes.
Schooling Joseph. Biography by Rohit Brijnath & Chan U-Gene.
Stories by the River. Poetry anthology by Shane Carroll with illustrations by Odelia Tursunova.
The Bride of Christ. Short story by Nicola Koh.
The Walking Women. Short story by Angela Jesse Michael.
Works published during the term of service of the 12th Kabesa (1991-2015)
Puan Api Menari Valerie Scully
2015 (Kristang year 504 | 12th Kabesa, year 24)
Kristang: A Shallow Sea. Non-fiction magazine article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Kristang: Lost Language of the Eurasians. Non-fiction magazine article by Kevin Martens Wong.
Liquid Market, Solid State: The rise and demise of the great global emporium at Malacca, 1400-1641. PhD dissertation by ShawnaKim Blake Lowey-Ball.
Mama at Owen Road. Short story by Gemma Pereira.
Managing Heritage Language Relevance and Language Revitalisation: The Case of Malacca Portuguese Creole. PhD dissertation by Wen-Yi Soh.
Perceptions about One’s Heritage Language: The Case of the Acehnese in Kampung Aceh and Malacca Portuguese-Eurasians in the Portuguese Settlement in Malaysia. Academic journal article by Stefanie Pillai, Wen-Yi Soh & Yunisrina Qismullah Yusuf.
Singapore Chronicles: Eurasians. Non-fiction work by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
The postcolonial ambiguities of Eurasian pan-ethnicity in Singapore. Academic journal article by John Lowe & Mairtin Mac an Ghaill.
Yearning to Belong: Malaysia’s Indian Muslims, Chitties, Portuguese Eurasians, Peranakan Chinese and Baweanese. Academic book by Patrick Pillai.
2014 (Kristang year 503 | 12th Kabesa, year 23)
An Instrumental Analysis of Vowels in Malacca Portuguese Creole. Master’s thesis by Chan Min En.
‘Eurasian’: Negotiating a postcolonial identity in everyday life in multicultural Australia. PhD dissertation by Michelle Anne Barrett.
Family language policy and heritage language maintenance of Malacca Portuguese Creole. Academic journal article by Stefanie Pillai, Wen-Yi Soh and Angela S. Kajita.
Lost River: Four Albums. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
Pneumonia. Short story by Cyril Wong.
Saga Seeds. Poetry anthology by Patricia Maria De Souza.
Space, Time and Chicken Rice. Short story by Kane Wheatley-Holder.
Tales from a Tiny Room. Short story anthology by Wayne Rée.
The Accidental Diplomat: The Autobiography of Maurice Baker. Autobiography by Maurice Baker.
2013 (Kristang year 502 | 12th Kabesa, year 22)
Elvis Forever In Katong: Personal Singapore Eurasiana. Mixed-genre anthology by Denyse Tessensohn with illustrations by Steve Hogan.
Eurasians At The Grassroots. Short story anthology by Dennis De Witt.
Eurasian Heritage Cooking. Cookbook by Quentin Pereira.
Return to Kuantan. Poem by Oswald LeWinter.
Tender Delirium. Poetry anthology by Tania De Rozario.
The Development of an Online Dictionary for Malacca Portuguese Creole. Academic proceedings paper by Alan Norman Baxter, Stefanie Pillai, Nor Anizabinti Abdullah & Mumtaz Mustafa.
The Dutch lexical contribution to three Asian Portuguese creoles. Academic journal article by Andrei A. Avram.
The Last Lesson of Mrs De Souza. Novel by Cyril Wong.
2012 (Kristang year 501 | 12th Kabesa, year 21)
Bedok Reservoir. Prose/play anthology by Wesley Leon Aroozoo.
Ibero-Asian Creoles: Comparative Perspectives. Academic book by Hugo Canelas Cardoso, Alan Norman Baxter & Mário Pinharanda Nunes.
Malacca under Dutch Rule (1641-1795 and 1818-1825). Academic book chapter by Willy Vande Walle.
Mixed Blood: Discovering Eurasians. Academic journal article by Paul Cheeseright.
Portuguese and Luso-Asian Legacies in Southeast Asia, 1511-2011, volumes 1 & 2. Academic books by Laura Jarnagin.
The Terrarium. Short story by Gemma Pereira.
The Tissue-paper Man. Short story by Gemma Pereira.
2011 (Kristang year 500 | 12th Kabesa, year 20)
Commemorative Bahasa Serani Dictionary. Dictionary by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
Love and War in Old Malacca. Novel by Joe Conceicao.
The Travels and Adventures of Sang Dol. Novel by Joe Conceicao.
2010 (Kristang year 499 | 12th Kabesa, year 19)
Blood on the Moon: The Daywalker Chronicles, Part One. Novel by Samantha De Silva.
Elvis Still Lives in Katong: Personal Singapore Eurasiana. Mixed-genre anthology by Denyse Tessensohn with illustrations by Steve Hogan.
Ethnicity, Language and Culture in Melaka after the Transition from Portuguese to Dutch Rule (Seventeenth Century). Academic journal article by Peter Borschberg.
Eurasian Singapore English. Academic book chapter by Lionel Wee.
Sustenance. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
The Circumstances Surrounding the Untimely Death of Jan S. Timmerman-Thijssen, Governor of Malacca 1818-1823. Academic journal article by Diane Kraal.
The great genealogical search: a remarkable story of how one family traced its roots in the East Indies and discovered its British ancestry. Non-fiction work by Karen D’Almeida, Kevin Linus Shepherdson, and Percival Shepherdson.
The Passionate Islanders: A Factual Story – Singapore at War 1941-42. Non-fiction work by Ralph Modder.
Vestiges of Etymological Gender in Malacca Creole Portuguese. Academic journal article by Alan Norman Baxter.
2009 (Kristang year 498 | 12th Kabesa, year 18)
Atlantic features in Asian varieties of Creole Portuguese. Academic journal article by John Holm.
Causative and facilitative serial verbs in Asian Ibero-romance Creoles – a convergence of substrate
and superstrate systems? Academic journal article by Alan Norman Baxter.
Dr Paglar: Everyman’s Hero. Biography by Rex Shelley.
Robin’s Eurasian Recipes. Recipe book by Robin Pereira.
Sounds and Sins of Singlish, and Other Nonsense. Non-fiction work by Rex Shelley.
The Portuguese Creoles of Malacca. Academic journal article by Ian Francis Hancock.
The Portuguese Mission in Singapore (1825-1999). Non-fiction work by James Newton Boss.
The role of women in the cross-pollination process in the Asian-Portuguese varieties. Academic journal article by Maria Isabel Tomás.
2008 (Kristang year 497 | 12th Kabesa, year 17)
Does Multiculturalism Recognise or ‘Minoritise’ Minorities? Academic journal article by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
Portuguese in the East: A Cultural History of a Maritime Trading Empire. Academic book by Shihan de Silva Jayasuriya.
Vontinuum: 8 years of experimental fiction. Anthology by Irving Paul Pereira.
2007 (Kristang year 496 | 12th Kabesa, year 16)
Eurasians: Celebrating survival. Academic journal article by Christine Choo.
History of the Dutch in Malaysia. Non-fiction work by Dennis De Witt.
Kazamintu na Praiya. Play by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
Vanishing pleasures: The culinary heritage of the Portuguese Eurasians of Goa, Malacca and Macau: A comparative study. PhD dissertation by Janet P. Boileau.
2006 (Kristang year 495 | 12th Kabesa, year 15)
Indo (Eurasian) Communities in Postcolonial Indonesia. PhD dissertation by Rosalind Louise Hewett.
Johannes Bartholomeus Westerhout: The spirit of conciliation. Academic journal article by Joyce Westerhout Freeland.
Looking back: A family’s history discovered and remembered. Non-fiction work by Martha Scully-Shepherdson.
No longer ‘other’: The emergence of the Eurasian community in Singapore. Academic journal article by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
Seng Marianne: a first Kristang-English monodrama. Play by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
The Australian Fiancé. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
The British Military Administration’s Treason Trial of Dr Charles Joseph Pemberton Paglar, 1946. Master’s thesis by Denyse Tessensohn.
The Fairy Folk and She: A Tale of Friendship And Love. Novel by Mary-Anne Grosse Ivie.
2005 (Kristang year 494 | 12th Kabesa, year 14)
Adriaan Koek: Malacca’s Unsung Dutch Burgher. Academic journal article by Dennis De Witt.
Being Portuguese in Malacca: The Politics of Folk Culture in Malaysia. Academic journal article by Margaret Sarkissian.
Conquest or Collaboration? In Portuguese Malacca from 1511 to 1521. Master’s thesis by Keith Lee Kum Chuen.
Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese): A long time survivor seriously endangered. Academic journal article by Alan Norman Baxter.
The Devil in Me: Tasty tidbits on love and life: Confessions of a Singapore Eurasian. Non-fiction anthology by David Kraal.
2004 (Kristang year 493 | 12th Kabesa, year 13)
A Dictionary of Kristang. Dictionary by Alan Norman Baxter & Patrick de Silva.
Kristang Phrasebook. Phrasebook by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
Linggu Mai: A Kristang Keepsake. Mixed-genre anthology by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
Recognise Kristang language as mother tongue. Newspaper forum letter by Brenda Pereira & Bernadette Carroll.
The Eurasian Heritage Dictionary. Dictionary by Valerie Scully & Catherine Zuzarte.
Why Kristang not recognised as mother tongue. Newspaper forum letter by Bryan Davenport.
2003 (Kristang year 492 | 12th Kabesa, year 12)
The Eurasian Cookbook. Cookbook by Mary Gomes.
The Portuguese Community At The Periphery: A Minority Report On The Portuguese Quest For Bumiputera Status. Academic journal article by Gerald Fernandis.
2002 (Kristang year 491 | 12th Kabesa, year 11)
Eurasian images of Singapore in the fiction of Rex Shelley. Academic book chapter by Peter Wicks.
Malacca and Beyond…To Catch Me A Star. Novel by Bernard Ming-Deh Harrison with illustrations by Jerry Lai.
Playing Portuguese: Constructing Identity in Malaysia’s Portuguese Community. Academic journal article by Margaret Sarkissian.
The Politics Of Portuguese-Eurasian Identity Constructions In The Kampung Serani Conflict. Academic book chapter by Beng-Lan Goh.
When English is Not a Mother Tongue: Linguistic Ownership and the Eurasian Community in Singapore. Academic journal article by Lionel Wee.
2001 (Kristang year 490 | 12th Kabesa, year 10)
Cuzinhia Cristang: A Malacca-Portuguese Cookbook. Cookbook by Celine Marbeck.
Elvis Lives in Katong: Personal Singapore Eurasiana. Mixed-genre anthology by Denyse Tessensohn with illustrations by Steve Hogan.
Portuguese Folklore Sung by Malaccan Kristang Groups and the Issue of Decreolization. Academic journal article by Mário Pinharanda Nunes.
The Australian Fiancé. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
2000 (Kristang year 489 | 12th Kabesa, year 9)
D’Albuquerque’s Children: Performing Tradition in Malaysia’s Portuguese Settlement. Academic book by Margaret Sarkissian.
Papia, Relijang e Tradisang: The Portuguese Eurasians in Malaysia: Bumiquest, A Search for Self-Identity. Academic journal article by Gerard Fernandis.
Surviving the Politics of Late Modernity: The Eurasian Fringe Community of Singapore. Academic journal article by Antonio L. Rappa.
The World Waiting To Be Made. Novel by Simone Lazaroo.
1999 (Kristang year 488 | 12th Kabesa, year 8)
Kreol Kristang di Melaka: Suatu Kajian Pembentukan Kata dan Etnografi. Master’s thesis by Jesan Kaur.
La triple identité des créoles portugais de Malacca. Academic journal article by Brian Juan O’Neill and Jehanne Féblot-Augustins.
The Use of Kristang in the Portuguese Settlement of Malacca. Academic journal article by Mário Pinharanda Nunes.
1998 (Kristang year 487 | 12th Kabesa, year 7)
A River of Roses. Novel by Rex Shelley. 2000 Dymocks Singapore Literature Prize winner.
1997 (Kristang year 486 | 12th Kabesa, year 6)
400-year-old tongue is on a roll: Kristang, the Portuguese-Malay patois spoken in Singapore and Malacca, is enjoying a minor renaissance here. Newspaper article by S. Tsering Bhalla.
Coral as building material in late Portuguese and early Dutch Malacca. Academic journal article by T. T. Khoo.
Cultural Chameleons: Portuguese Eurasian Strategies for Survival in Postcolonial Malaysia. Academic journal article by Margaret Sarkissian.
The revitalisation of Eurasian identity in Singapore. Academic journal article by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
1996 (Kristang year 485 | 12th Kabesa, year 5)
Portuguese and Creole Portuguese in the Pacific and Western Pacific Rim. Academic book chapter by Alan Norman Baxter.
“Sinhalese Girl” Meets “Aunty Annie”: Competing Expressions of Ethnic Identity in the Portuguese Settlement, Melaka, Malaysia. Academic journal article by Margaret Sarkissian.
1995 (Kristang year 484 | 12th Kabesa, year 4)
An Examination of Language Death: A Case Study of a Portuguese Creole. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Natasha Anne Rappa.
Island in the Centre. Novel by Rex Shelley. National Book Development Council of Singapore 1996 Highly Commended Award.
Others: A Play. Play by Enrico C. Varella.
Singapore Eurasians: Their Management of Ethnic Identity. Master’s thesis by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
Singapore Heads and Tales. Anthology by Denyse Tessensohn.
Ungua Adanza: An inheritance. Mixed-genre anthology by Joan Margaret Marbeck.
1993 (Kristang year 482 | 12th Kabesa, year 2)
Lady by the Gatepost. Short story anthology by Dudley De Souza.
People of the Pear Tree. Novel by Rex Shelley. National Book Development Council of Singapore 1993 Highly Commended Award.
Seasons of darkness: A story of Singapore. Novel by Wilfred Hamilton-Shimmen.
1992 (Kristang year 481 | 12th Kabesa, year 1)
Hear the Earth Cry: A Collection of Short Stories. Short story anthology by Enrico C. Varella.
Singapore Eurasians: Memories and Hopes. Mixed-genre anthology by Myrna Braga-Blake & Ann Ebert-Oehlers.
The Malaccan Malaysian Portuguese Heritage. Non-fiction work by George Alcantra.
Works published during the term of service of the 11th Kabesa (1989-1991)
Puan Merdeka Maureen Martens
1991 (Kristang year 480 | 11th Kabesa, year 3)
British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca, 1786-1819. Master’s Thesis by Samuel Wee Tien Wang.
Ethnic Adaptations of Religious Orthodoxy: A study of Chinese, Indian and Eurasian Catholics in Singapore. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Alexius Anthony Pereira.
Indo-Portuguese Cantigas: Oral Traditions in Ceylon Portuguese Verse. Academic journal article by Kenneth David Jackson.
The Shrimp People. Novel by Rex Shelley. National Book Development Council of Singapore 1992 Book Award.
1989 (Kristang year 478 | 11th Kabesa, year 1)
Portuguese-Eurasian Communities in Southeast Asia. Academic book by Ronald Daus.
Works published during the term of service of the 10th Kabesa (1969-1989)
Puan Bunga Besi Mabel Martens
1988 (Kristang year 477 | 10th Kabesa, year 20)
A Grammar of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese). Academic book by Alan Norman Baxter.
Inter-Ethnic Perceptions of the Eurasian and Chinese Communities in Singapore. Undergraduate Honours Thesis by Nicolette Bernedette Rappa.
The Holy Mass in Papiá Kristang. Compilation and translation by Patrick de Silva.
1987 (Kristang year 476 | 10th Kabesa, year 19)
A Traditional Malacca Portuguese-Eurasian Engagement and Marriage. Non-fiction work by Patrick de Silva.
Cazaminto de Jente Cristang de Malaca. Non-fiction work by Patrick de Silva.
1983 (Kristang year 472 | 10th Kabesa, year 15)
Dutch Records from Malacca in the India Office Records. Academic journal article by Ian Baxter.
Kristang as a Tool for Recovering the Mid-15th-Century Portuguese Reconnaissance Language. Academic journal article by Paul Wexler.
The Eurasians of Melaka. Academic book chapter by Chan Kok Eng.
1982 (Kristang year 471 | 10th Kabesa, year 14)
My People, My Country. Non-fiction work by Bernard Santa Maria.
1980 (Kristang year 469 | 10th Kabesa, year 12)
An Eclipse Leaves No Shadows. Play by Ronald E. Alcantra. 1977 Ministry of Culture Playwriting Contest winner.
Kenneth Jerome Rozario. Short story by Catherine Lim.
Mae Deus / What A Family! Play by Ronald E. Alcantra.
1978 (Kristang year 467 | 10th Kabesa, year 10)
Miss Pereira. Short story by Catherine Lim.
1975 (Kristang year 464 | 10th Kabesa, year 7)
Malacca Creole Portuguese: Asian, African or European? Academic journal article by Ian Francis Hancock.
1973 (Kristang year 462 | 10th Kabesa, year 5)
Kampong Eurasians in Singapore. Academic paper by Myrna Braga-Blake.
1971 (Kristang year 459 | 10th Kabesa, year 3)
A Portuguese Settlement of Malacca: A Social. Economic Profile. Academic paper by Chan Kok Eng.
1970 (Kristang year 459 | 10th Kabesa, year 2)
Some Dutch-derived items in Papia Kristang. Academic journal article by Ian Francis Hancock.
The distribution of the Portuguese Eurasian population in Malacca: a study of spatial continuity and change. Academic paper by Chan Kok Eng.
1969 (Kristang year 458 | 10th Kabesa, year 1)
A study in the social geography of the Malacca Portuguese Eurasians. Thesis by Chan Kok Eng.
Malacca and Goa and the Question of Race-Relations in the Portuguese Overseas Provinces. Academic journal by Colin Jack-Hinton.
The Malacca Creoles and Their Language. Academic journal article by Ian Francis Hancock.
The Portuguese Administration in Malacca, 1511-1641. Academic journal article by D. R. Sar Desai.
Works published during the term of service of the 9th Kabesa (1951-1969)
Tuan Sayap Darah Percival Francis Aroozoo MBE
1962 (Kristang year 451 | 9th Kabesa, year 11)
Malacca Fort. Academic journal article by Graham Irwin.
1961 (Kristang year 450 | 9th Kabesa, year 10)
The Portuguese Missions in Malacca and Singapore (1511-1958), Volumes 1, 2 & 3. Non-fiction work by Manuel Teixeira.
1956 (Kristang year 445 | 9th Kabesa, year 5)
Governor Couperus and the Surrender of Malacca, 1795. Academic journal article by Graham Irwin.
Works published during the term of service of the 8th Kabesa (1941-1951)
Dato’ / Dr Charles Joseph Pemberton Paglar
1944 (Kristang year 433 | 8th Kabesa, year 3)
Old Malacca Tranqueira & Gajah Berang. Academic journal article by Rene Edouard Cardon.
Works published during the term of service of the 6th Kabesa (1936-1939)
Major Hugh Ransom Stanley Zehnder OBE
1938 (Kristang year 427 | 6th Kabesa, year 3)
Apontamentos para o estudo do dialecto português de Malaca. Academic journal article by António da Silva Rêgo.
1936 (Kristang year 425 | 6th Kabesa, year 1)
The Siege and Capture of Malacca from the Portuguese in 1640-1641. Academic journal article by P. A. Leupe & Mac Hacobian.
Works published during the term of service of the 5th Kabesa (1926-1936)
Dr Noel Leicester Clarke
1934 (Kristang year 423 | 5th Kabesa, year 9)
Portuguese Malacca. Academic journal article by Rene Edouard Cardon.
1926 (Kristang year 415 | 5th Kabesa, year 1)
Arjuna / The Ruined Merchant of Bokhara. Play scheduled to be performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company but cancelled at the very last minute. Last known play written fully in Kristang until 2023.
Shakuntala. Play performed in Kristang by the Straits United Portuguese Dramatic Amateurs.
The Sam Poh / A Devil Alarm. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
Works published during the term of service of the 4th Kabesa (1874-1926)
John Edwin Richard Tessensohn OBE
1924 (Kristang year 413 | 4th Kabesa, year 50)
Adriano: Duke of Valencia. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
Jacob and His Twelve Sons. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
Music / A Token of Affection. Play performed in Kristang by the St Anthony’s Convent Performers.
Senorita Francina / The Shepherdess. Play performed in Kristang by the Rising Star Amateurs.
1923 (Kristang year 412 | 4th Kabesa, year 49)
The Sign of the Cross. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
1922 (Kristang year 411 | 4th Kabesa, year 48)
Antonio’s Fate / The Lost Soul. Play performed in Kristang by the United Dramatic Amateurs.
Prince Alfonso and Miss Roza. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
1921 (Kristang year 410 | 4th Kabesa, year 47)
The Prince of Romance. Play performed in Kristang by the Black Brigade Amateurs.
1919 (Kristang year 408 | 4th Kabesa, year 45)
Harischandra. Play performed in Kristang by the Black Brigade Amateurs.
The Four Brothers. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
The Three Princesses. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
1918 (Kristang year 407 | 4th Kabesa, year 44)
The Water of Life. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
1917 (Kristang year 406 | 4th Kabesa, year 43)
Romeo and Juliet. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
1916 (Kristang year 405 | 4th Kabesa, year 42)
Leandro and Lizarda. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
1912 (Kristang year 401 | 4th Kabesa, year 38)
The Last Days of Pagan Rome. Play performed in Kristang by “Younger Members of the Portuguese Community”.
1911 (Kristang year 400 | 4th Kabesa, year 37)
Prince Zayn Alasnam and the Sultan. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
1910 (Kristang year 399 | 4th Kabesa, year 36)
Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp. Play performed in Kristang by the Wilhelmina Theatrical Company.
Jacob and His Twelve Sons. Play performed in Kristang by the St Joseph’s Dramatic & Mutual Improvement Association.
Leandro and Lizarda. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
The Enchanted Horse. Play performed in Kristang by the Star of Hope Amateurs.
1905 (Kristang year 394 | 4th Kabesa, year 31)
Ali Baba and the 40 Robbers. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
1904 (Kristang year 393 | 4th Kabesa, year 30)
The Merchant of Venice. Play performed in Kristang by the Portuguese Amateur Dramatic Company.
1893 (Kristang year 382 | 4th Kabesa, year 19)
Situmgar. Play performed in Kristang by the Adolphinen Minstrels.
The Merchant of Venice. Play performed in Kristang by the Angelic Minstrels.
1892 (Kristang year 381 | 4th Kabesa, year 18)
Ali Baba and the Forty Robbers. Play performed in Kristang by the Regina Theatrical Company.
Indra Sabha. Play performed in Kristang by the Adolphinen Minstrels.
The History of Camaralzaman, Parts I and II. Play perforrmed in Kristang by the Straits Eurasian Theatrical Company.
1889 (Kristang year 378 | 4th Kabesa, year 15)
The Farroh Sabba. Play performed by The Cordiano Carnival Minstrels.
1886 (Kristang year 375 | 4th Kabesa, year 12)
Os dialetos romanicos ou neo-latinos na Africa, Asia e America. Academic journal article by Adolpho Coelho.
Portuguese history of Malacca. Academic journal article by Edwin Koek.
Living Kristang Artists and Creatives
Listing all known living Kristang creatives producing and publishing public-facing literature, film, art and games with examples of major associated works listed in parentheses, with music to be added at a later date. Please contact the Kodrah Kristang team at kodrahkristang at gmail dot com if you know of an artist or creative producing a significant amount of Kristang content who should be listed on this page but is missing.
Living Kristang actors
Anna Belle Francis
Andrea De Cruz
Brendon Fernandez
Eunice Elizabeth Olsen
Jade Seah
Rodney Oliveiro
Sharda Harrison
Tejas Hirah
Vernetta Lopez
Living Kristang sunyaxadorang / dreamshiners
Elden Zachery Oliveiro
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Living Kristang filmmakers and/or scriptwriters
Ezekiel Lazaroo Tan Ming Yan
Jolyn Nunis
Nathaniel Jareth Nonis
Russell Adam Morton
Sean Harrison
Victoria Dook
Victoria Elizabeth Scully
Living Kristang graphic novelists
Andre Alexander D’Rozario
Shane Carroll
Wayne Rée
Living Kristang non-fiction writers
Alison Laverty
Andrea Raeburn
Aneesa Alphonsus
Arin Alycia Fong
Benjamin Harris
Bertha Henson
Denyse Tessensohn
Hannah Marie Martens
Jared Carlo Monteiro
Jeremy Ian Monteiro
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Melissa De Silva
Nathaniel Jareth Nonis
Noel Rodrigues
Sabrina Noronha
Shane Carroll
Stuart Danker
Wayne Rée
Living Kristang novelists
Bernard Ming-Deh Harrison
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Mary-Anne Grosse Ivie
Samantha De Silva
Simone Lazaroo
Stuart Danker
Wesley Leon Aroozoo
Living Kristang poets
Arin Alycia Fong
Charlene Shepherdson
Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips
Crispin Rodrigues
Edmund Arozoo
Elden Zachery Oliveiro
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Matthew Jerome Van Huizen
Martha Fernandez
Nicola Koh
Patricia Maria De Souza
Shane Carroll
Living Kristang playwrights
Enrico C. Varella
Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Sara Frederica Santa Maria
Wesley Leon Aroozoo
Living Kristang radio presenters
Brian Richmond
Daniel Martin
Jean Danker
Mark Richmond
Michelle Martin
Vernetta Lopez
Living Kristang short story writers
Angela Jesse Michael
Arin Alycia Fong
Cheyenne Alexandria Phillips
Denyse Tessensohn
Gemma Pereira
Kane Wheatley-Holder
Kevin Martens Wong Zhi Qiang
Patricia Maria De Souza
Melissa De Silva
Sara Frederica Santa Maria
Stuart Danker
Wayne Rée
Wesley Leon Aroozoo